The creation of the volunteer fire companies in the pre-revolutionary Russian Far East (historical and legal aspect)

• Kotlyar N.V.

  Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service
  Vladivostok. Russia

The establishment and operation of volunteer fire companies legal private voluntary non-political and non-professional associations that do not pursue profit objectives examined on the basis of the texts of the Charter of the fire, which became part of the laws of the Russian Empire, 1857, charters, voluntary fire companies of the Far East, documents of offices of governors regarding the approval of such societies. The subject of research is the creation of those associations: a legal procedure, conditions and terms of the beginning of the activity. Chronological framework of the work is the period 1896-1912., during which there were cases of registration of the Charter and/or commencement of volunteer fire companies. Addresses the following aspects of the problem: the law societies and unions, the composition of volunteer fire companies, cooperation companies and local authorities, the position of the fire in different cities of the pre-revolutionary far East. The conclusion about the important role of social forces in the formation of the fire protection system, fire fighting and aid to victims of pre-revolutionary cities.

Methodological basis of research is the principle of historicism, which is understood as the requirement to consider the studied phenomenon in the processes of formation, development, conjunction with other events, allowing you to recreate a holistic view on the establishment of public organizations operating in the field of fire prevention and fire fighting. Among the general scientific cognition methods used by the authors, the empirical and theoretical techniques for analysis, synthesis, inductive generalizations occupied center stage.

Keywords: right of public organizations, fire company, volunteer fire company, volunteer fire Association, history of the fire service, the history of pre-revolutionary Far East.